OWL‐based acquisition and editing of computer‐interpretable guidelines with the CompGuide editor

Computer‐Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) are the dominant medium for the delivery of clinical decision support, given the evidence‐based nature of their source material. Therefore, these machine‐readable versions have the ability to improve practitioner performance and conformance to standards, with availability at the point and time of care. The formalisation of Clinical Practice Guideline knowledge in a machine‐readable format is a crucial task to make it suitable for the integration in Clinical Decision Support Systems. However, the current tools for this purpose reveal shortcomings with respect to their ease of use and the support offered during CIG acquisition and editing. In this work, we characterise the current landscape of CIG acquisition tools based on the properties of guideline visualisation, organisation, simplicity, automation, manipulation of knowledge elements, and guideline storage and dissemination. Additionally, we describe the CompGuide Editor, a tool for the acquisition of CIGs in the CompGuide model for Clinical Practice Guidelines that also allows the editing of previously encoded guidelines. The Editor guides the users throughout the process of guideline encoding and does not require proficiency in any programming language. The features of the CIG encoding process are revealed through a comparison with already established tools for CIG acquisition.     

基于支持向量机的RSA电磁旁路分析方法

针对在旁路分析过程中由于噪声的影响，不能直接观察出RSA的加密过程这一问题，提出结合支持向量机的旁路分析方法，从分类的角度对RSA二进制模幂运算中的平方、乘法操作进行识别，根据密钥与操作的相关性，推断出RSA二进制密钥序列。基于此，对移动设备PCM-9589F凌动主板进行了RSA电磁旁路分析研究，使用串口通信技术实现了对目标设备CPU的旁路电磁信号的采集，并采用基于边界的单类支持向量机的方法，以分类的正确率为70%为阈值，实现了对RSA二进制模幂运算中平方、乘法操作的识别，提取了OpenSSL加密库中1?024位RSA加密算法的二进制密钥序列。相比于传统的简单分析方法，克服了因旁路信号质量低而无法破解密钥的难题。     

优化特征提取的互动式人脸活体检测研究

针对人脸识别系统中出现的通过照片或视频“欺诈”解锁问题，提出一种活体检测方法，通过随机指令判断被检测对象是否为真人。利用HOG特征和随机森林算法对摄像头采集的图像进行人脸检测，预测脸部68个特征点位置，把68个特征点位置和脸部位置的相对位置归一化后作为姿态的特征，提取的姿态特征与SVM分类器相结合，训练出分类效果较好的头部姿态估计分类器。通过多次实验，对特征提取方法进行优化，进一步提高检测准确率。最后，使用随机互动式命令序列对被检测人发出指令，实现活体检测。该方法对头部姿态估计具有较高的鲁棒性，并且可以有效地防范照片和视频认证攻击。     

Evaluation of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of Chinese EIA in Myanmar: Myitsone Dam,the Lappadaung Copper Mine and the Sino-Myanmar oil and gas pipelines

The economic relationship between China and Myanmar is regarded as a win–win cooperation. However, Chinese investments, especially in extractive and natural resource sectors, are associated with a number of unwanted environmental consequences. Moreover, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) quality of Chinese enterprises has often been criticized. EIA identifies adverse impacts to the environment through evidence-based decision making. On this basis, this paper provides an evaluation of Chinese EIA performance within the natural resources sector through a structured review of 15 environmental impact statements (EISs). This research also evaluates the EISs of the three largest and most controversial projects, the Myitsone Hydropower Dam, Lappadaung Copper Mine and Sino-Myanmar oil and gas pipelines. The findings reveal several omissions, inadequacies and deficiencies in all the projects with a significant number of EISs falling short of satisfactory quality. Through the analysis, the paper summarizes the factors affecting the EIA performance and proposes feasible recommendations to improve EIA practices in Chinese development projects in Myanmar.     

羊场湾煤矿软岩底板炉渣混凝土加固技术

为提高软岩底板强度而供无轨胶轮车等大型车辆行驶，结合羊场湾煤矿16206机巷软岩底板地质条件，研究了炉渣混凝土底板加固技术，确定了合理的配比方案，并对机巷现场进行混凝土地坪铺设应用。研究与应用结果表明：炉渣混凝土底板强度可满足大型车辆连续运输所需，极大地提高了底板承载能力，防止底鼓，为长距离巷道实现连续运输提供了基础保障。     

沿空切顶成巷段巷道围岩变形规律研究

以宏景塔一矿回采工作面为研究对象,基于切顶卸压无煤柱自动成巷技术原理,采用数值模拟计算和现场实测的方法,对该矿成巷段巷道围岩支承压力分布及围岩变形规律进行分析。研究结果表明:随着工作面向前推进,巷道围岩支承压力呈先增大后减小最后趋于稳定的变化趋势,支承压力稳定值为13.5 MPa;受工作面回采动压的影响,距离工作面70 m以内,锚索受力急剧增大到恒阻值、巷道围岩变形明显;距离工作面70~150 m,锚索受力迅速减小、巷道围岩变形逐渐变缓;在距离工作面150 m之后,锚索受力仅有微量变化、巷道围岩变形趋于稳定。因此确定支护体回撤保守安全位置为工作面后方150 m。工程实践表明:所设支护体回撤距离能够应对巷道围岩变形,成巷效果良好。     

公民水素养评价表征因素模型构建与分析

针对我国水资源紧缺、水生态损害、水环境污染等相关水问题,以提升全民爱水惜水节水护水的意识和能力为目标,从水素养概念出发,通过扎根理论质性研究方法对公民水素养评价的表征因素进行筛选和提炼,最终得出包含水知识、水态度、水行为为主范畴的10个表征因素并运用解释结构模型(ISM)深入剖析各因素之间的内在联系。在此基础上建立了3级多层次递阶结构模型,进一步精确描述系统各要素两两之间的直接关系。结果表明:公民水素养评价的表征因素自上而下形成了表象层、中间层和根源层等3个层级,可直观、清晰地反映表征因素之间的递阶、层级关系;水态度在各表征因素中具有调节作用以及各表征因素之间存在内在逻辑关系。研究成果为提高公民水素养水平提供一定的科学依据和政策参考。     

基于博弈分析的流域水资源配置

针对传统规划方法难以体现水资源配置过程中多种复杂因素的问题,基于博弈理论建立宏观调控和市场经济相结合的水资源配置动态博弈模型,求解其子博弈精炼纳什均衡下各博弈参与人的策略,并运用改进量子遗传算法求解该博弈模型。对A河流域水资源配置结果表明,在保证流域公共生态用水2.0×10~8 m~3的基础上,各用水子区自发约束自身的取水量,达到均衡时,社会总收益为11.27亿元,相比自由取水模型,社会总收益增加了0.95亿元,增幅为9.2%。